Plumbing

Plumbing is a specialty of the engineer in Applied Mechanics at the building and plumbing specialist, bringing together all the techniques used to circulate fluids (liquid or gas) by using pipes, tubes, valves, valves , pumps and materials to various points of use of a facility. The word originates from the Latin word for lead (plumbum) and comes from the use of malleable metal to achieve the plumbing in previous centuries.

These techniques have improved over time due to changing scientific knowledge and its implementation. The first systematic application of the plumbing was the commissioning of the gravity of the new pumps, agriculture, irrigation by means of slopes and ditches.

History and Purpose

The Babylonians or the Persians: the first fortified towns have developed systems that allowed water to undergo prolonged sieges by the use of under-ground rivers.

The cities of the Sumerians (as Haran) showed some sewage systems and individual water supply. The Incas, Chinese and many Asian nations have developed the growing trays stacked along the slopes of the highlands with the installation of sophisticated irrigation systems which are the precursors of aqueducts.

The Egyptians have developed irrigation systems (ditches) fed by hand pumps consist of a pole with a counterweight attached to which was attached to the skin as a container for lifting water to the beginning of irrigation ditch . The Egyptians have also developed the use of copper pipes for water distribution in some temples.

The Greeks: Archimedes invented already one of the first screw pump that bears his name today. This pump fed ditches for irrigation.

The Romans built underground sewerage systems under roadways and aqueducts fetching drinking water from great distances of cities served.

The Romans: The Romans went to get water for the life of cities and elevated sources over very large distances. These are the famous Roman aqueducts that engineers have built. They have developed systems for water by gravity, which ended inside the cities in feeding fountains and public baths "the baths" that have led to significant developments in clean people's health. It seems that the evolution of technology for dispensing water through lead pipes have been some part in the downfall of this nation because of the disease generated by lead (see lead poisoning).

The English: With the invention of the first WC (Water Closet) and then came the "water closet with cistern" that the plumbing has made another leap into modernity by introducing health units in buildings.

Objectives

The objectives of the plumbing is to allow a better hygiene and make life in society to meet the basic needs of living human beings. It is already known as essential as breathing, drinking and dispose of waste are fundamental. The high concentration of humans on small territories oubligent to such health measures.

Improving the safety of homes, cities in the techniques of plumbing, building sewer services and water systems. We can compare the services rendered by the plumbing to those who have been the invention of the collection of garbage by Mr. bin. The health of urban residents has been improved and enable the growth of cities in terms of hygiene in spite of increasing population on a small area of territory.

The Drainage of Plumbing Fixtures

For a good review of the effectiveness of a device, vents are needed to allow passage of air. When we put oil in the engine of a vehicle from a metal can, it pierces the top of the container at two opposite points on the lid. The goal is to enable a smooth flow through the introduction of air into the box. The same procedure applies for the piping to facilitate the removal of devices without the siphon is primed to end the cycle.